Inside the hive feeders are specialized internal containers designed to hold liquid food sources, typically sugar syrup, directly within the colony's structure. These devices fit seamlessly into the hive body, allowing bees to access nourishment without being exposed to wind, rain, or cold temperatures.
Internal feeders integrate directly into the hive's architecture to provide a secure food source, prioritizing colony safety by minimizing exposure to elements and reducing the likelihood of food theft.
The Core Design Principle
Seamless Integration
The primary advantage of these feeders is their ability to fit directly into the hive.
Rather than sitting outside the entrance or requiring a separate external attachment, they occupy the same space as standard equipment.
Protection from Elements
By locating the food source internally, the colony can feed regardless of the weather.
Bees do not need to leave the warmth of the cluster to access syrup, which is critical during cooler periods.
Common Configurations
Frame Feeders
These are arguably the most streamlined option available.
Designed to fit in the hive body like a standard frame, they replace a single honeycomb frame within the box.
They hold a substantial amount of liquid sugar syrup, utilizing the vertical space of the hive effectively.
Division Board Feeders
This subtype is specifically engineered for security.
These are placed between two frames within the hive body.
Their specific design is highly effective at providing syrup while minimizing the risk of robbing, preventing intruder bees or wasps from easily accessing the supply.
Hive-Top Variations
While the term often refers to frame-style devices, some internal feeders sit atop the frames.
These can take the form of specialized hive boxes or inverted buckets equipped with a screened hole to allow feeding from above.
Operational Considerations
Accessibility vs. Disturbance
Because these feeders are internal, checking levels or refilling them requires opening the hive.
This involves removing the cover, which exposes the colony to the air and can disturb the bees more than external methods.
Robbing Prevention
Despite the disturbance required to fill them, internal feeders generally offer superior security.
Because the scent of the syrup is contained inside the hive, it is less likely to attract predators or robber bees from other colonies.
Making the Right Choice for Your Goal
Selecting the correct feeder depends on the specific challenges your apiary is facing.
- If your primary focus is seamlessly replacing equipment: Choose a frame feeder, as it swaps perfectly with a standard frame to maximize internal space.
- If your primary focus is security: Opt for a division board feeder, which is specifically noted for minimizing the risk of robbing during feeding.
Internal feeders are the definitive choice for beekeepers prioritizing the security and weather protection of their colony's food supply.
Summary Table:
| Feeder Type | Placement | Key Advantage | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frame Feeder | Replaces a standard frame | Seamless integration; high capacity | Maximizing internal space |
| Division Board | Between two frames | Superior security and robbing prevention | Deterring predators and wasps |
| Hive-Top (Internal) | On top of frames | Feeding from above without frame removal | Quick access within the hive cover |
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