What are the steps to make a propolis tincture? A Complete Guide to DIY Bee Resin Extract

Propolis tincture is a versatile natural remedy made by extracting the bioactive compounds of propolis (a resinous substance collected by bees) using a solvent like alcohol or oil. The process involves cleaning raw propolis, combining it with the solvent, allowing time for extraction (typically 2 weeks with daily shaking), straining the mixture, and storing it properly. Alcohol-based tinctures use 70-75% ethyl alcohol at room temperature, while oil-based versions require gentle heating below 120°F. The final product can be used orally or topically, but allergy testing is recommended before use.

Key Points Explained:

1. Propolis Preparation

   • Source clean propolis directly from beehives, ensuring removal of debris like bee parts or wood
   • Break or grind the propolis into small pieces to increase surface area for better extraction
   • Consider freezing propolis beforehand to make it less sticky and easier to handle

2. Solvent Selection

   • Alcohol-based tinctures:
     • Use 70-75% ethyl alcohol (optimal concentration for extraction)
     • Standard ratio: 1 part propolis to 9 parts alcohol by weight
   • Oil-based tinctures:
     • Olive oil is commonly used for its stability and health benefits
     • Same 1:9 ratio as alcohol tinctures applies
     • Requires gentle heating in a double boiler (below 120°F to preserve compounds)

3. Extraction Process

   • Combine propolis and solvent in a clean glass container
   • For alcohol tinctures:
     • Store in cool, dark place for 14 days
     • Shake vigorously daily to enhance extraction
   • For oil tinctures:
     • Heat mixture for 10 minutes while maintaining temperature control
     • Can also use cold infusion method similar to alcohol tinctures

4. Straining and Storage

   • Strain through coffee filters, cheesecloth, or fine mesh
   • Press solids to recover maximum tincture
   • Store in dark glass bottles (amber or cobalt) to protect from light degradation
   • Label with date and ingredients
   • Properly stored tinctures last 1-2 years

5. Usage Considerations

   • Always perform patch test for allergic reactions
   • Standard dosage: 5-10 drops diluted in liquid 1-3 times daily
   • Can be applied topically for skin conditions
   • Avoid use if allergic to bee products
   • The sticky nature requires cleaning utensils immediately after use

For purchasers: When sourcing materials, prioritize food-grade solvents and pharmaceutical-grade propolis. Dark glass dropper bottles make ideal storage containers for finished tinctures. Consider small-batch production equipment like precision scales and temperature-controlled heating for oil versions.

Summary Table:

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