Installing a queen bee using a shipping cage is a delicate process that ensures the colony accepts the new queen without aggression. The key steps involve removing the old queen, preparing the queen cage, placing it correctly in the hive, and monitoring the release and egg-laying process. Proper execution minimizes stress on the bees and increases the likelihood of successful integration. Below is a detailed breakdown of the steps and considerations for a smooth transition.
Key Points Explained:
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Locate and Remove the Old Queen
- Before introducing the new queen, the existing queen must be found and removed to prevent fighting or rejection.
- Tools like queen excluders can help isolate her.
- This step is critical because colonies typically resist having multiple queens.
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Prepare the Queen Cage
- Remove the cork covering the candy end (a sugar-based plug) of the queen cage.
- The candy acts as a timed-release mechanism, allowing worker bees to gradually eat through it and free the queen over a few days.
- Ensure the cage is intact and the queen is healthy before installation.
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Position the Cage in the Hive
- Place the cage vertically between brood frames with the candy end facing upward.
- This orientation prevents dead bees or debris from blocking the candy.
- Press it firmly but gently to avoid damaging the frames or the queen.
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Monitor Release (3-Day Check)
- After three days, inspect whether worker bees have released the queen by eating the candy.
- If the candy remains mostly uneaten, gently poke small holes to encourage faster consumption.
- Avoid opening the cage manually, as premature release can trigger aggression.
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Confirm Egg Laying (10-Day Check)
- Wait about 10 days to verify the queen is accepted and laying eggs.
- Look for fresh, pearly-white eggs in the brood cells as confirmation of a successful introduction.
- If no eggs are found, the colony may have rejected her, requiring a replacement.
Additional Considerations:
- Timing: Introduce the queen during nectar flow or mild weather to reduce stress.
- Attendant Bees: Some cages include a few worker bees to care for the queen during transit—ensure they are alive upon arrival.
- Push-In Cages: An alternative method involves confining the queen over a comb section with open cells and emerging brood until she begins laying.
By following these steps meticulously, beekeepers can ensure a smooth queen introduction, fostering a productive and harmonious hive.
Summary Table:
| Step | Key Actions | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Remove the Old Queen | Locate and remove the existing queen to prevent aggression. | Eliminates competition and ensures colony readiness for the new queen. |
| Prepare the Queen Cage | Remove the candy plug and check the queen's health. | Allows gradual release and ensures the queen is viable for introduction. |
| Position the Cage | Place vertically between brood frames with the candy end up. | Prevents blockage and ensures worker bees can access the candy for release. |
| Monitor Release (3-Day) | Check if workers have eaten the candy; poke holes if needed. | Ensures timely release without manual intervention. |
| Confirm Egg Laying | Inspect for fresh eggs after 10 days to confirm acceptance. | Validates successful integration and queen productivity. |
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