To install an escape board effectively, place it directly beneath the honey super you intend to harvest with the escape mechanism facing up. Ideally, the board should remain in place for 24 hours, though this duration should be extended to 48 hours during colder weather.
The escape board acts as a mechanical "one-way valve," utilizing the colony's natural movements to clear bees from honey supers. Success depends on correct orientation to allow exit without re-entry, and precise timing to ensure the super is empty before harvesting.
The Installation Process
Positioning the Board
To begin, remove the full honey supers from the hive. Place the escape board directly on top of the brood box (or the topmost box you are leaving on the hive).
Ensure the escapes are facing up. This orientation is critical; it allows the bees to descend through the mechanism but prevents them from climbing back up into the honey super.
Creating Space for the Bees
When bees leave the honey super, they must have a place to go. If the brood box is congested, the bees may be reluctant or unable to leave the super.
To facilitate a smooth exit, consider placing an empty super (ideally with drawn comb) on top of the brood box before placing the escape board. This provides the necessary volume for the displaced colony population.
Final Assembly
Once the board is in place (on top of the brood box or the optional empty super), stack the full honey supers back on top of the board.
Ensure the stack is aligned perfectly to prevent gaps where robber bees could enter or hive bees could bypass the escape mechanism.
Timing Your Harvest
The 24-Hour Standard
Under normal conditions, the clearing process typically takes about 24 hours.
Bees naturally move down toward the brood nest at night to conserve heat. By the next day, the majority of the workforce should have passed through the one-way valve, leaving the super empty.
Adjusting for Temperature
In colder weather, bee movement slows significantly. The cluster may not break or move as actively as it does in warm temperatures.
If the temperature drops, extend the waiting period to 48 hours (approximately two nights). This grants the slower-moving colony sufficient time to navigate the escapes and settle into the lower boxes.
Understanding the Trade-offs
Risk of Incomplete Clearing
If you remove the board too soon (less than 24 hours), you defeat the purpose of the tool. You will likely find a significant number of bees still remaining in the super, requiring you to brush or blow them off manually during harvest.
Hardware Limitations
The escape board is a passive tool. It relies entirely on bee behavior rather than force (like a fume board) or mechanical removal (like a blower).
Because it relies on the bees' volition to move down, it is generally slower than active methods. It requires two trips to the apiary: one to install the board, and a second one 24 to 48 hours later to collect the honey.
Making the Right Choice for Your Goal
To maximize your success with an escape board, tailor your approach to the current conditions:
- If your primary focus is speed and efficiency: Install the board in the afternoon and harvest exactly 24 hours later to minimize the time equipment is left on the hive.
- If your primary focus is harvesting in late-season or cool weather: Plan for a 48-hour window to ensure the bees have fully vacated the supers before you attempt to pull them.
Use the escape board as a gentle, non-invasive tool to separate the bees from their stores, prioritizing their natural downward movement for a stress-free harvest.
Summary Table:
| Factor | Recommendation | Key Detail |
|---|---|---|
| Orientation | Mechanism Facing Up | Allows bees to move down; prevents re-entry. |
| Placement | Below Honey Super | Position on the brood box or an empty super. |
| Standard Time | 24 Hours | Ideal for warm weather and active colonies. |
| Cold Weather | 48 Hours | Slower bee movement requires an extra night. |
| Space Tip | Add Empty Super | Provides room for bees descending from the honey super. |
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