To achieve proper comb construction, you must space the frames evenly across the entire width of the box. When reducing the count—for example, placing 9 frames in a standard 10-frame honey super—do not push the frames together; instead, increase the gap between each frame uniformly to fill the available space.
By distributing fewer frames equidistantly across the super, you ensure that bees have uniform space to work, preventing overcrowded areas and encouraging consistent comb depth.
Implementing the Spacing Strategy
Uniform Distribution
The primary rule is consistency. If you remove a frame to create more room, that extra space must be divided among the remaining frames.
Visual Alignment
You do not typically need a ruler for this process. Visually estimate the gaps between the top bars of the frames to ensure they are roughly identical.
The Goal of "9-in-10"
The most common application of this technique is placing 9 frames into a 10-frame box. This specific configuration relies on the "even spacing" principle to function correctly.
The Strategic Purpose
Encouraging Deeper Cells
When frames are spaced slightly further apart, bees are triggered to draw the honeycomb cells out deeper than normal.
Efficiency in Harvesting
Deeper cells extend beyond the wood of the frame. This makes the uncapping process significantly easier, as your knife can slice off the wax cappings without snagging on the wooden top bar.
Common Pitfalls to Avoid
Uneven Gaps
If you leave wide gaps in some areas and tight gaps in others, bees will build irregular comb. This often results in "burr comb" (comb connecting two frames) or wavy structures that are difficult to extract.
Spacing Undrawn Foundation
A critical mistake is spacing out frames that contain only bare foundation.
If the bees have not yet drawn out the comb, wide spacing may confuse them, leading them to build comb in between the frames rather than on the foundation. Only space out frames that are already partially or fully drawn.
Making the Right Choice for Your Goal
- If your primary focus is harvesting efficiency: Space 9 frames evenly in a 10-frame box to encourage "fat" combs that are easy to uncap.
- If your primary focus is establishing new frames: Keep the standard 10 frames pushed tightly together until the comb is fully drawn, then space them out in future seasons.
Consistency in spacing is the key to forcing bees to build the deep, straight comb you want for honey production.
Summary Table:
| Spacing Strategy | Number of Frames (10-Frame Box) | Best Use Case | Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard Spacing | 10 Frames | New foundation or drawing comb | Ensures bees build straight on the foundation |
| Wide Spacing | 9 Frames | Fully or partially drawn comb | Encourages 'fat' combs for easier uncapping |
| Tight Spacing | 10+ Frames | Brood rearing or foundation building | Prevents burr comb and irregular structures |
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